Δημοσίευσηαπό Προέλλην » 26 Οκτ 2019, 16:06


E-M215, also known as
E1b1b and formerly E3b, is a major human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. It is a division of the macro-haplogroup E-M96, which is defined by the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation M215.
The
origins of E-M215 were dated by Cruciani in 2007 to
about 22,400 years ago in the Horn of Africa. E-M35 was dated by Batini in 2015 to between 15,400 and 20,500 years ago. In June 2015, Trombetta et al. reported a previously unappreciated large difference in the age between haplogroup E-M215 (38.6 kya; 95% CI 31.4–45.9 kya) and its sub-haplogroup E-M35 (25.0 kya; 95% CI 20.0–30.0 kya) and estimated its origin to be in Northeast Africa.
All major sub-branches of E-M35 are thought to have originated in the same general area as the parent clade: in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, or nearby areas of the Near East. Some branches of E-M35 are assumed to have left Africa thousands of years ago, whereas others may have arrived from the Near East. For example, Underhill (2002) associates the spread of the haplogroup with the Neolithic Revolution, believing that the structure and regional pattern of E-M35 subclades potentially give "reagents with which to infer specific episodes of population histories associated with the Neolithic agricultural expansion". Battaglia et al. (2007) also estimate that E-M78 (called E1b1b1a1 in that paper) has been in Europe longer than 10,000 years. Accordingly, human remains excavated in a Spanish funeral cave dating from approximately 7,000 years ago were shown to be in this haplogroup. Two more E-M78 have been found in the Neolithic Sopot and Lengyel cultures too.
Concerning E-M35 in Europe within this scheme, Underhill & Kivisild (2007) have remarked that E-M215 seems to represent a late-Pleistocene migration from North Africa to Europe over the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. While this proposal remains uncontested, it has more recently been proposed by Trombetta et al. (2011) that there is also evidence for additional migration of E-M215 carrying men directly from North Africa to southwestern Europe, via a maritime route.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_E-M215_(Y-DNA)
To "E1b1b" (τα αφρανατολίτικα γονίδια) δεν ήρθε φυσικά μιά κι έξω κατά την ύστερη Παλαιολιθική και Μεσολιθική εποχή, αλλά και σε διάφορα άλλα κύματα αργότερα.
Αυτό, δεν είναι απλή σπέκουλα, γιατί το E1b1b σπάει σε διάφορους άλλους φυλογεννετικούς κλάδους, οι οποίοι και είναι εντοπίσημοι. Περισσότερα επ αυτού, στο επόμενο ποστ

0 .
Hätt ich ne 2te Chance würd ich es genauso machen
Ich dreh mich nich um es geht nur darum wer du heute bist
Ich bin zufrieden, da scheint jemand auf mich aufzupassen
Ob es für Gott oder den Teufel is
Ich bereue nichts